Types & Risk Factors
The most prevalent type of kidney stone is the calcium-based stone. Key risk factors for its formation include hypercalcemia (elevated serum calcium levels) and low urine output. Other stone types include uric acid stones, struvite stones, and cystine stones.
Preventive Measures in Daily Life
Adopting the following healthy habits can help reduce your risk of developing kidney stones:
- Stay Hydrated: Drink at least six to eight 8-ounce glasses of water daily (approximately 64 ounces) to maintain dilute urine.
- Ensure Rational Calcium Intake: Contrary to some belief, adequate (not excessive) calcium intake can be protective. Calcium deficiency can lead to acidic blood, which may promote stone formation. Rational supplementation helps maintain a more alkaline state, inhibiting stone development.
- Limit Sodium Intake: A high-sodium diet can increase calcium levels in the urine, raising stone risk.
- Maintain a Healthy Weight: If overweight, losing weight can help reduce the risk of stone formation.